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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">govandpol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Управление и политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Governance and Politics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-7062</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-7070</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MGIMO University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24833/2782-7062-2026-5-1-40-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">govandpol-144</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль субнациональных политических акторов в формировании общенациональной политики в Бразилии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of Subnational Political Actors in Shaping National Politics in Brazil</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальченко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malchenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мальченко Ангелина Александровна – преподаватель, кафедра государственного управления; аспирант, кафедра сравнительной политологии, МГИМО МИД России.</p><p>119454, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Angelina A. Malchenko - Lecturer, Public Governance Department; PhD Student, Comparative Politics Department, MGIMO University.</p><p>Vernadskogo av., 76, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">an.malashenkova@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>40</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мальченко А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мальченко А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malchenko A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.gp-mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/144">https://www.gp-mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/144</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья представляет собой аналитический обзор существующих в зарубежной литературе подходов к концептуализации и операционализации роли субнациональных политических акторов в национальной политике Бразилии. Электоральные циклы 2018 и 2022 гг. в Бразилии продемонстрировали значительную гетерогенность в результатах голосования на федеральном и субнациональном уровнях. В первом случае победа лидера крайне правых политических сил Жаира Болсонару не была в полной мере подкреплена результатами региональных выборов. Напротив, победа основателя левоцентристской партии Инасиу Лулы да Силвы на общенациональных выборах была сопряжена с отсутствием у президента большинства в парламенте и победой правых партий, в том числе Либеральной партии Жаира Болсонару. Данные силы одерживали победу и на региональных выборах, а большинство текущих губернаторов также являются сторонниками правых партий. Опора на классический институционализм в случае латиноамериканских стран не дает полного представления о текущей расстановке сил на уровне федерального центра и субъектов, что заставляет обратиться к анализу роли субнациональных акторов в политической системе Бразилии. В статье выделены три основные блока подходов, каждый из которых раскрывает роль субнациональных акторов в национальной политике Бразилии. В первую группу входят исследования, рассматривающие влияние субнациональных акторов на характеристики национальной партийной системы. Вторая группа включает работы, анализирующие влияние субнациональных акторов на выбор определенного политического курса органами исполнительной власти. Третий блок посвящен анализу роли штатов в принятии решений органами законодательной власти. Для анализа были отобраны исследования, опубликованные с начала 21 в., в центре внимания которых оказывались отношения между центральными органами власти Бразилии и политическими акторами штатов. Для каждого блока анализируемых работ выбрано одно наиболее значимое исследование, отражающее способ определения роли субнациональных акторов в условиях федерализма. Выбор обусловлен существующей на сегодняшний день разнородностью подходов к концептуализации и операционализации роли штатов в формировании общенациональной политики Бразилии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article represents an analytical review of existing approaches in foreign literature to conceptualize and operationalize the role of subnational political actors in Brazilian national politics. The electoral cycles of 2018 and 2022 in Brazil demonstrated significant heterogeneity in voting results at the federal and subnational levels. In 2018, the victory of the leader of the far-right political forces, Jair Bolsonaro, was not fully supported by the results of the regional elections. On the contrary, the victory of the founder of the center-left party, Inacio Lula da Silva, in the national elections was associated with the absence of a majority in parliament for the president and the victory of right-wing parties, including the Liberal Party of Jair Bolsonaro. These forces have also won regional elections, and most of the current governors are also supporters of right-wing parties. Reliance on classical institutionalism in the case of Latin American countries does not represent current interaction of political forces at the federal and regional levels, which forces researchers to turn to the analysis of the role of subnational actors in the Brazilian political system. The article identifies three main groups of approaches, each of which reveals the role of subnational actors in Brazil’s national policy. The first group includes studies examining the influence of subnational actors on the characteristics of the national party system. The second group includes works analyzing the influence of subnational actors on the choice of a certain policy course by executive authorities. The third one is devoted to the analysis of the role of the states in decision-making by legislative authorities. For the analysis, we selected studies published since the beginning of the 21st century, which focused on the relationship between the central authorities of Brazil and the political actors of the states. The choice is due to the current heterogeneity of approaches to conceptualizing and operationalizing the role of the states in shaping Brazil’s national policy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субнациональные политические акторы</kwd><kwd>Бразилия</kwd><kwd>президентская система</kwd><kwd>федерализм</kwd><kwd>общенациональная политика</kwd><kwd>субнациональные коалиции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>subnational political actors</kwd><kwd>Brazil</kwd><kwd>presidential system</kwd><kwd>federalism</kwd><kwd>national politics</kwd><kwd>subnational coalitions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кретов С.М. (2022). 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